And what's the opposite of chesed, kindness or giving either on a personal or national scale? In Kabbalah, the opposite of Chesed is Gevurah, severity or strictness.

While Chesed is never judgemental, pure chesed is giving without measure, without limit, without control, without determining need, Gevurah is completely judgemental. It's following the rules without concern for impact, it's limits and controls, and penalties for breaking the rules. It's discipline.